Understanding Insomnia: A Widespread Sleep Disorder
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder affecting millions globally. Healthy sleep is vital for mental and physical health, immune function, and memory. Lack of sleep leads to fatigue, poor concentration, emotional distress, and low motivation—affecting both students and professionals. Insomnia is also associated with serious health problems, including heart disease, anxiety, and depression.
What Defines Insomnia?
Insomnia disorder is defined as difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or waking too early and being unable to return to sleep. This results in poor quality rest and reduces daytime functioning.
Causes of Insomnia
Causes of insomnia vary and include psychological stress, financial worries, shift work, and various medical conditions, ranging from diabetes and thyroid dysfunction to heart, respiratory, and gastrointestinal issues, as well as chronic pain. Psychiatric disorders such as depression, mania, substance abuse, and anxiety are also linked to insomnia. Additionally, some medications—especially stimulants like steroids—may cause sleeplessness.
Treatment Options: From Therapy to Medication
Treatment depends on the cause and severity. Many cases can be managed without medication. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) is a widely recommended non-pharmacological approach. It helps patients change behaviours and thoughts that interfere with sleep. However, CBT takes time to show results, and access to trained therapists can be limited.
Some people turn to supplements or herbal products. Although considered “natural,” these can still cause side effects or interact with other medicines. Caution is advised when using them.
When Medication is Needed
For short-term acute insomnia caused by a known trigger, medication may be useful. Prescription options include benzodiazepines, antidepressants, and melatonin. However, these may cause dependence, tolerance, or withdrawal symptoms.
Over-the-counter sleep aids often include antihistamines. Diphenhydramine and doxylamine are common ingredients and are typically used for mild insomnia. These are generally safe and effective when used correctly.
Nomowake: A Trusted OTC Option
Nomowake, which contains doxylamine, helps reduce the time it takes to fall asleep and improves both sleep quality and duration. When used appropriately, it has minimal adverse effects. Nomowake is available from pharmacies in packs of 14 and 28 tablets. It is suitable for adults and children over 12 years.
The standard dose for Nomowake is 1 to 2 tablets with water at bedtime. It is intended for occasional use, and treatment should last only a few days to a week. Sleep onset usually begins within 30 minutes, with peak effects between 1 and 3 hours, and overall duration lasting 6 to 8 hours. If daytime drowsiness occurs, the dose may be reduced or taken earlier in the evening to ensure adequate rest.
Supporting Sleep Naturally
As with all medicines, users should consult a healthcare professional before beginning treatment, as side effects may occur. In addition to medication, sleep education and good sleep hygiene—such as consistent bedtime routines, reducing screen time before bed, and managing stress—are key to managing insomnia effectively.
References
- Nomowake Professional Information Leaflet.
- Malan L, Dlamini N. Clinical Practice Guidelines for Insomnia Disorder. South African Family Practice. 2017;59(3):45–51.
- Brott N, Reddivari A. Doxylamine. NIH. 5 June 2023.
